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Access National Developments and legal cases in Europe on the subject of platform work.
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Dutch Court of Appeal says Uber driver employment status must be decided case-by-case
The Dutch Court of Appeal has ruled that the employment status of Uber drivers cannot be determined on a collective basis. Instead, thousands of drivers must have their case assessed individually, court case by court case. The ruling is a setback for the FNV union, which won a case at a lower court in 2021 […]
Uber fails to rebut driver’s legal presumption of employment
The Brussels Labour Court found in June 2025 that an Uber ride hail driver is an employee, overturning the decision of a lower court which had found in favour of Uber in December 2022. Belgium established a new legal presumption of employment in the platform economy in 2023, but this case was first brought forward […]
Court of Brussels rules that Uber driver is self-employed
In December 2022, the Brussels labour court ruled in favour of Uber in a case filed by an Uber driver against the digital labour platform on the classification of the worker as employee. The ruling stated that “Uber had no hierarchical control over the driver, that he was free to organize his own work”.
Uber recognises collective dismissal and pays severance to more than 4000 workers
On 13 December 2022, Uber agreed to settle with the Spanish Unions CCOO and UGT and to recognise the collective dismissal of 4.404 workers for its food delivery division, Portier Eats. Uber dismissed these workers in August 2021, after the entry into force of the Spanish “ley riders” (riders’ law). Considering this as a mass […]
UK : Supreme Court rules that Uber drivers are entitled to workers rights
The UK supreme court has dismissed Uber’s appeal against the 2016 landmark employment tribunal ruling that its drivers should be classed as workers with access to the minimum wage and paid holidays. The court concluded that the drivers were workers because of Uber’s level of control over them, including setting fares and not informing them […]
France : The social chamber of the Cour de cassation requalifies the partnership contract of an Uber driver as an employment contract
This decision is the second that the social chamber of the Court of Cassation has issued on the subject of platform workers, after the decision in the Take Eat Easy case (Soc., 28 November 2018, pourvoi n° 17-20.079). It rejects an appeal against a decision admitting a request for requalification. The judgment was strongly reasoned, […]
France : Rejection of the request for requalification as an employment contract – Deliveroo delivery driver – Paris Court of Appeal
The Paris Court of Appeal rejected the request for the requalification as an employment contract of the service contract concluded by a delivery person with the Deliveroo platform, considering that neither the clauses of the employment contract nor the terms of execution of the employment relationship characterised the existence of a subordination link. The Paris […]
France : Reclassification of Uber drivers, Paris Court of appeal
“In a decision dated 12 May 2021 (RG 18/02660), the Paris Court of Appeal ruled that the service contract concluded between UBER BV and a driver had to be requalified as an employment contract. This decision follows the decision of the Court of Cassation of 4 March 2020. In support of its decision, the court […]
France : Rejection of the request for requalification as an employment contract – Uber driver – Court of Appeal of Lyon
“The Court of Appeal rejected the request to reclassify the commercial relationship as an employment contract between an UBER driver and the Uber platform. The reasons given are that the recommendations made by the platform, which are part of the setting of specifications intended to guarantee the quality and safety of a service, do not […]